基于雨洪管理的社區韌性評價及優化策略研究

張 泉，薛珊珊

合肥工業大學建筑與藝術學院，合肥  230601

摘 要：在災害常態化背景下，“韌性”理念逐漸被引入到城市社區防災減災領域。為抵抗日益頻發的極端天氣災害，有必要將城市韌性社區的建設重點轉移到雨洪管理層面。社區韌性是基于社區資源的一種防災減災能力，為解決當前我國韌性社區建設在雨洪管理方面存在的不足，必須先建立一套量化的評價體系對其進行評估。本文運用層次分析法建立了以組織管理機制、雨洪管理設施、災害風險評估、災害應急預案、居民防災能力五個維度的社區韌性評價體系，選取安徽省蚌埠市的4個社區進行實踐研究，并提出相應的優化改造策略。結果表明：（1）社區雨洪管理的韌性表現與社區的建設年代、基礎設施配置以及日常防災減災管理密切相關；（2）各社區居民的防災減災能力和公共參與意識比較薄弱，各社區在雨洪管理智慧化普及方面投入較少；（3）韌性社區除了要重視非工程防災措施的建設，以雨洪管理為導向，更要注重小尺度綠色基礎設施的應用。

關鍵詞：雨洪管理；社區；韌性；評價體系；優化策略

第一作者：張泉，電子郵箱：frank_zhangquan@163.com
通訊作者：張泉，電子郵箱：frank_zhangquan@163.com

Community Resilience Evaluation and Optimization Strategy Based on Stormwater Management

ZHANG Quan* ，XUE Shanshan

School of Architecture and Art, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230061, China

Abstract: In the context of disaster normalization, the concept of "resilience" has been gradually introduced into the field of disaster prevention and mitigation in urban communities.In order to resist the increasingly frequent disasters caused by extreme weather, it is necessary to shift the focus of building resilient urban communities to the level of stormwater management. Community resilience is a disaster prevention and mitigation capability based on community resources. In order to solve the deficiency of storm and flood management in the current construction of resilient communities in China, it is necessary to establish a set of quantitative evaluation system to evaluate it. In this paper, the AHP(analytic hierarchy process) is used to construct the community resilience evaluation system from the perspective of stormwater management from five dimensions: organizational management mechanism, stormwater management facilities, disaster risk assessment, disaster emergency plan and residents' disaster prevention ability. Then four communities in Bengbu City, Anhui Province are selected for practical research and corresponding optimization and transformation strategies are proposed.The results show that :(1) the resilience of community stormwater management is closely related to the time of community construction, infrastructure allocation and daily disaster prevention and mitigation management; (2) The ability of disaster prevention and mitigation and the awareness of public participation of the residents in all communities are relatively weak, and the communities invest less in the popularization of stormwater management wisdom; (3) Resilient communities should not only pay attention to the construction of non-engineering disaster prevention measures, but also pay attention to the application of small-scale green infrastructure oriented by stormwater management.

Key words:Stormwater and flood management; community; toughness; evaluation system; optimization strategies

First author:ZHANG Quan, E-mail:frank_zhangquan@163.com
Corresponding author:ZHANG Quan, E-mail:frank_zhangquan@163.com